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Sports competitions and massive recreational events are among the events at increased risk for injuries, sudden cardiovascular complications and other diseases associated with intense physical activity. Therefore, good organization of health services with the aim of providing quality primary health care and triage of participants is essential. The organizer of the competition or recreational event and the chief medical officer must act in accordance with Slovenian legislation that defines this area. However, as the needs and working conditions of health services at such events in the legislation are rather vague and not well-defined, good medical care is based primarily on experience and knowledge of all who are involved in the organization. It is necessary to know the specifics of the sport; to know how to make a risk assessment of diseases and (specific) injuries; to know the participants in the competition, their capacity and health status; and to know what effects can a specific environment (cold, heat, humidity) have on the human body during intense physical activity.