Atypical bacteria represent common causative agents of community-acquired pneumonia. Most frequently, these are Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydophila pneumoniae, Chlamydia psittaci, Legionella pneumophila, and in our enviroment also Coxiella burnetii. In the article, we review the main features of the atypical pneumonia syndrome, its most common causative agents, clinical signs and therapeutic principles.