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A careful clinical examination and patient's medical history contribute to the diagnosis of wrist disease. It is important to obtain disease-related information, accurately inspect and palpate all parts of the wrist and check the range of motion of the wrist. The symptomatic wrist should always be compared with the contralateral wrist. In palpation we pay attention to the presence of … Preberite več >>

The most likely risk factor for lumbosacral injuries in classical ballet dancers is hyperlordosis. Its development may be affected by weak abdominal muscles, holding the back too straight in the arabesque position, genu recurvatum, and excessive external rotation. Spondylolysis, spondylolisthesis and intervertebral disc herniation are all common injuries due to repetitive microtrauma. Male dancers often report having spare lumbar spine … Preberite več >>

BACKGROUNDS. Proximal femur reconstruction after removal of bone tissue due to various causes presents a major challenge for orthopaedic surgeons. One of the possible solutions is the Kent Hip endoprosthesis, which has been in use for 25 years. However, in
the literature, only short-term clinicalresults of this endoprosthesis implantation are reported with an average follow-up of maximum five years. Using … Preberite več >>

Inversion injuries of the ankle are common and most are managed adequately by functional treatment. A significant number will, however, remain symptomatic. Ankle impingement syndrome is clinicaly evident as pain, which is elicited by full range of motion in ankle joint because of the mechanical impidgement in the joint. Ankle impingement can result from trauma, infection, inflammation or from degenerative … Preberite več >>

Biomechanics of the hip joint is a discipline which deals with loads and stresses exerted on the hip joint surface. It provides an insight into the pathogenesis of some hip disorders and enables the clinician to plan correct treatment. The paper presents a biomechanical analysis of the one-legged stance, and investigates the factors influencing hip joint stresses. Some examples are … Preberite več >>

The purpose of this study was to determine some geometrical parameters of the human hip and pelvis which importantly influence the articular stress in the hip joint. Standard anterior-posterior radiographs of hip and pelvis of 79 healthy adult female and 21 healthy adult male hips and pelvises were measured using a computer-assisted system. Data analysis included descriptive statistical methods. A … Preberite več >>

Unstable shoulder is a common problem encountered most frequently in sportsmen. Modern treatment of this disorder requires solid knowledge of abnormal mechanics and pathology of unstable shoulder, which are dealt with in this paper. The diagnosis is based on clinical tests and noninvasive imaging techniques, the most widely used being ultrasound and the most useful magnetic resonance imaging. Arthroscopy is … Preberite več >>

Fractures about the calcaneus and intraarticular calcaneal fractures with displacement of fragments should be treated operatively. Complete reconstruction of the calcaneus is a demanding procedure because of a complex structure of the bone. The operation should involve correction of all deformities of the fractured calcaneal bone in order to ensure good functional end results. Internal fixation of fragments of the … Preberite več >>

Transmetatarsal osteotomies (TMO) are indicated primarily in adduction deformity of the anterior part of the foot or the great toe. Most commonly this deformity occurs as a result of unsuccessful treatment of congenital equinovarus deformity or neuromuscular disorders. The author presents his experience with TMO for adduction deformity of the forefoot, regardless of the etiology or the patient’s age. In … Preberite več >>

In congenital coxa vara, the femoral neck-shaft angle is extremely small. Therefore valgus osteotomy is usually performed in order to increase the neck-shaft angle, and thus reduce stress in the upper part of the femur. This work shows that valgus osteotomy can, in the long run, prove successful only if the femoral neck-shaft angle is increased to a size much … Preberite več >>

Lumbar disc degeneration is the most common cause of low back pain. The author describes the pathogenetic factors and clinical diagnosis of this disorder. A thorough physical examination can determine the degree and the site of the lesion with great accuracy, and should therefore be used as a reliable diagnostic tool in these patients.… Preberite več >>

The vertebrae, along with intervertebral discs and ligaments are part of a strong, resistant and very elastic axis of the body – the spine. Its structure is adjusted to its static and dynam­ic functions. Previous studies have revealed the most common sites of chronic back pain: intervertebral discs, apophyseal joints and sacroiliacal joints. The force that acts upon the spine … Preberite več >>

The basic features of a simple static three-dimensional mathematical model of an adult hip in a monopodal body position are given. The described model can be used in clinical practice to evaluate mechanical effects of different surgical procedures on the hip. A dew examples of clinical application of the model are presented.… Preberite več >>