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Hypopituitarism refers to decreased secretion of anterior pituitary hormones. A rare cause of hypopituitarism is a condition known as Sheehan’s syndrome in which hypopituitarism is caused by ischemic necrosis of the pituitary due to postpartum hemorrhage. Sheehan’s syndrome usually presents slowly, with clinical symptoms and signs developing in the months and years after delivery. In rare cases it can present … Preberite več >>

Neuroendocrine tumors of the stomach are rare tumors representing less than 2% of polypoid lesions of the stomach. They are frequently discovered incidentally on endoscopic examination, but they can also cause symptomatic anemia or abdominal pain. Gastric neuroendocrine tumors are derived from enterochromaffin-like cells and they have a known
malignant potential. Usually they are multiple and associated with multiple endocrine … Preberite več >>

Graves’ disease is an autoimmune thyroid disorder and the most frequent cause of hyperthyroidism in Slovenia. Antithyroid drugs are usually used as the first line of treatment. However, in rare cases they cause agranulocytosis with life-threatening neutropenia. We present a case of a patient who was simultaneously diagnosed to have Graves’ disease as well as moderate neutropenia, which was most … Preberite več >>

Tinea faciei is a superficial dermatophyte infection limited to the glabrous skin of the face. It is often seen in pediatric patients. Although the infective organisms and treatments are the same as for other superficial fungal infections, it is frequently misdiagnosed and modified or aggravated by administration of topical or systemic corticosteroids progressing to tinea incognito. We present a case … Preberite več >>

Despite its potential to spread to the brain, metastatic melanoma has been rarely described within the hypothalamic-pituitary axis especially isolated metastases are extremely rare. Metastases to this area most frequently appear in patients with carcinomas of the breast or lungs and are rarely symptomatic, most often patients present with central diabetes insipidus. In the present paper, we report a case … Preberite več >>

Traumatic injury of the axillary artery or its branches with distal embolization to the hand arteries is a rare finding, which is found in volleyball, baseball, tennis and handball players. The main mechanism for developing this vascular injury with local thrombosis (traumatic aneurysm) is a specific motion sequence of the shoulder seen during athletes’ activity (hyperabduction and external rotation of … Preberite več >>

Gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GIST) are mesenchymal tumours of the gastrointestinal tract. They are rare and represent about 1% of all malignancies in this area. They can occur anywhere in the gastrointestinal tract. Establishing a diagnosis is challenging as GIST usually do not show any specific signs or symptoms. Characteristically, they express the CD117 protein which is also an important target … Preberite več >>

Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type IV or vascular type is a rare connective-tissue disorder caused by impaired collagen III synthesis. It occurs due to the mutation in the COL3A1 gene, which is inherited or caused sporadically by mutation de novo. Due to collagen III deficit the vascular tissue and tissue of visceral organs is fragile, which leads to numerous life-threatening complications. The … Preberite več >>

Phacomatoses are a diverse group of genetic disorders that primarily affect the central nervous system, skin and other organs. Most commonly, dysfunction of the central nervous system is the prevailing clinical manifestation of phacomatoses. Neuroimaging is therefore of great importance in treating these patients. In the article, we describe a case of a patient with neurofibromatosis type 2 and a … Preberite več >>

In the pre-antibiotic era, parapharyngeal infection was a frequent complication of tonsillitis. However, due to widespread use of antibiotics, its frequency has decreased and consequently the infection is quite uncommon nowadays. Knowledge of neck anatomy, especially of the cervical fascia, is essential for a better understanding of pathogenesis and route of spread of infections in the parapharyngeal space. The cervical … Preberite več >>

IgA nephropathy is the most common primary glomerulonephritis in adults and a common cause of end-stage renal failure. The understanding of the pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy has evolved importantly in the past few years. There has also been an improvement in the treatment of the disease. The main pathogenic characteristic of IgA nephropathy is the formation of galactose-deficient immunoglobulin A1 … Preberite več >>

Acute intermittent porphyria is a rare inherited disease that is caused by the deficiency of one of the enzymes in the heme synthesis chain. Together with the accelerated metabolism of heme it causes accumulation of neurotoxic precursors. The presentation of acute intermittent porphyria attacks varies as it reflects the impairment of the autonomic, somatic peripheral and central nervous systems. The … Preberite več >>

Priapism is the condition of an unwanted erection that persists for more than four hours. There are three different types of priapism: ischemic (low-flow), nonischemic (high-flow) and intermittent (stuttering) priapism. The ischemic type, which represents a form of thevcompartment syndrome, is the most dangerous form, because it can lead to permanentverectile dysfunction if not treated promptly. The nonischemic type is … Preberite več >>