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Prevalence and symptoms of musculoskeletal disorders increases with age due to repetitive load and degenerative changes. However, they are becoming more common even at a young age. In children, one of the ergonomic risk factors for developing pain is the use of school bag. The purpose of this literature review was to evaluate the scientific evidence on the possible association … Preberite več >>

In the article we provide an overview of paediatric autonomic dysfunctions. In children, autonomic disorders are often overlooked since they can range from mild, not even by health care specialist recognized problems. Signs and symptoms of dysautonomy can be painful and deteriorating to a child's wellbeing so they must be timely recognized and treated. In children some dysautonomy events can … Preberite več >>

Providing health care to youth requires special attention to their developmental needs and characteristics. This applies especially to those who are chronically ill and find themselves on the verge of adulthood facing the challenges of transitioning from pediatric to adult healthcare. They are confronted with a loss of established relationships with healthcare providers and a need for building new ones. … Preberite več >>

Breast milk is the ideal source of nutrition for newborns and infants because of its composition which is adapted to the child’s needs. It also provides a wide range of health, psychosocial, economic, and environmental benefits. The World Health Organization therefore recommends exclusive breastfeeding until 6 months of age. There are no doubts in favourable effects of breastfeeding. Therefore, it … Preberite več >>

Physical activity has a positive influence on many aspects of our general health. A healthy attitude towards physical activity develops before the age of twelve. An active lifestyle during childhood helps prevent obesity in teenagers and adults. It can also reduce morbidity and mortality in adulthood. This paper presents guidelines on regular physical activity for healthy children and adolescents, since … Preberite več >>

The aim of this article is to present some characteristics of the competitive youth sport and to point out some negative aspects that represent possible health hazards to children and adolescents participating in this sport. The­ results ­of ­studies ­as ­well ­as­ sport ­praxis show ­that ­talent ­recognition ­is ­a ­complex ­and­ demanding ­process.­ Nowadays,­ making predictions ­about­ competitive­ performance … Preberite več >>

Various observational studies implicated the potential role of vitamin D in maternal, fetal, neonatal and infant health. Vitamin D deficiency could influence the development of gestational diabetes, pre-eclampsia, fetal growth restriction and different childhood diseases such as lower respiratory tract infection and eczema. We do not yet have any exact data on the prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency in different … Preberite več >>

Choanal atresia is a rare congenital malformation which occurs in every 5000 to 8000 live newborns. Clinically, it may present as an isolated form or in association with other malformations. In most cases, the cause is not found, but some are associated with a genetic mutation or the use of certain drugs against hyperthyroidism during pregnancy. The dominant clinical picture … Preberite več >>

BACKGROUNDS. Esophageal atresia encompasses a group of congenital anomalies comprising of an interruption of continuity of the esophagus, usually with a persistent communication with the trachea – tracheoesophageal fistula. Anatomical classification is used to describe various types of atresia. Newborns with esophageal atresia usually present with frothing, coughing, choking and regurgitation following feeding attempts. The diagnosis of esophageal atresia is … Preberite več >>

Physical examination and child’s case record are crucial for the final diagnosis and appropriate treatment of the newborn child. The article describes the characteristics of the newborn regarding the gestational age and growth parameters and presents the physical examination which is based on the evaluation of vital signs, observation of the child (breathing, colour of the skin, mucosal membranes and … Preberite več >>

Necrotizing enterocolitis comprises ischemic and inflammatory bowel necrosis and occurs predominantly in premature neonates. It is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in neonatal intensive care units. Several factors are involved in the pathogenesis of this disease: genetic predisposition, intestinal immaturity, ischemic episodes, infections, enteral feeding and bacterial translocation. The diagnosis of necrotizing enterocolitis is based on clinical examination, … Preberite več >>