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Prosthetic Joint Infections

 
Abstract:

This post is also available in: English Slovenščina (Slovenian)

Demographic trends and advances in surgery have led to an increase in treatment of pros­thetic joints in the developed world. Orthopedic replacement surgery has revolutionized medicine with various joint implants and has thus provided millions of people with mobil­ity and a life free of pain. Prosthetic joint infections are relatively rare, however, they are the most severe complication and account for a substantial proportion of health care expen­ditures. Pathogens causing the infection of implants typically grow in biofilms that protect the microorganisms against the host’s immune defences and antibiotics. It is therefore imper­ative to promptly and accurately recognise, diagnose and treat prosthetic joint infections. Despite the rapid development of various diagnostic techniques such as diagnostic imaging, microbiological, biomolecular diagnostics and others, modern diagnostics for prosthetic joint infection are not always straightforward and current laboratory methods still depend on iso­lation of a pathogen by culture from synovial fluid or periprosthetic tissue. Successful treatment of prosthetic joint infections requires antimicrobial therapy in combination with surgical treat­ment including necrectomy, drainage, local antibiotic treatment or even removal of the prosthesis and re-implantation. Combined, antimicrobial and surgical treatment regimens are predominantly effective.

Authors:
Militarov Anže, Gubina Marija, Smrke Dragica

Keywords:
prosthesis - related infections - diagnosis - therapy, joint prosthesis, biofilms

Cite as:
Med Razgl. 2006; 45: 254–61.

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