Native Aortic Valve Thrombosis: What’s Behind?

Native aortic valve thrombosis is an exceptionally rare and serious condition characterized
by the formation of a thrombus on the native aortic valve. It presents a significant clinical
challenge and can lead to severe complications, including heart failure or cardiogenic
shock due to a heart attack or aortic valve dysfunction, neurological issues such as stroke,
and peripheral embolisms affecting the arteries of the arms, legs, kidneys, and other organs.
Given the numerous potential causes of peripheral embolism, native aortic valve thrombosis
is an extremely rare source. Due to its low incidence, there is limited data on its aetiology,
treatment, complications, and clinical outcomes, with most information derived from
individual case reports. It is imperative to identify the underlying cause, which frequently
poses a significant clinical challenge. We present the case of a 55-year-old patient with
a pronounced prothrombogenic condition, which manifested as a venous thromboembolism
and thrombosis of the native aortic valve. This condition led to a repeated embolism into
the central nervous system and peripheral arteries of the arms and legs. The underlying
cause of the prothrombogenic state was a newly diagnosed lung carcinoma.