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Two polymorphic sites of the CYP1A1 gene, coding for cytochrome P4501A1 enzyme, have been discovered so far. One involves the 7^th exon of the coding region; a nucleotide chan­ge leads to amino acid replacement in the heme binding region of cytochrome P4501A1 (poly­morphism Ile/Val). Another site is in the 3′-flanking region of the gene, and results in the presence of a new restriction site for the Msp I enzyme (polymorphism Msp I ). This study inve­stigated the role of both polymorphisms in the development of lung cancer caused by chemi­cal carcinogenesis. We analysed 156 samples obtained from patients with lung cancer, and 102 samples from healthy individuals. The met­hod I used was based on amplification of the polymorphic part of the gene by polymerase chain reaction. To detect the polymorphism Msp I the products of reaction were analysed using the restriction and electrophoresis on agarose gel, while the presence of polymorphism Ile/Val was determined using specific primers. For the identification of the reaction product elec­trophoresis on agarose gel was employed. A sta­tistically significant association between polymorphism Msp I and polymorphism Ile/Val was found in both lung cancer patients and healthy controls. There was no statistically sig­nificant difference in the incidence of both poly­morphism forms between lung cancer patients and controls or between patients with different histological subtypes of lung cancer.