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Cerebral palsy is a group of movement and posture disorders sometimes associated with other neurological deficits. It represents a significant decrease in the patients’ quality of life and a substantial economic burden. The main risk factors for cerebral palsy are preterm birth and low birth weight. Both factors increase the risk for periventriculary leucomalacia, which is the most important pathomorphological change found in the brain of children with cerebral palsy. Magnesium sulphate has two principal roles in obstetrics. It is used for prevention of eclamptic attacks in women with pre-eclampsia and for tocolysis. Several randomized trials and meta-analyzes have demonstrated that treatment with magnesium sulphate in pregnant women with threatened preterm delivery reduces the risk of cerebral palsy in their children, most likely through the combined anti-ischemic and anti-inflammatory effect. In Slovenia there are no official recommendations for the neuroprotective use of MgSO4 in preterm birth. The purpose of this article is to present a proposal for such recommendations and to review the literature upon which these recommendations are based.