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A thermal foot manikin was developed for the determination of thermal insulation insulation (I,m² ·K/W) of footwear. The thermal foot manikin calculates the thermal insulation of 10 individual segments of the foot. Each copper segment of the manikin contains an electric heater and a temperature sensor. Insulation at each segment is determined by accounting for the difference in temperature between the segment’s surface and the surrounding medium, and the electrical power required by the segment’s heater to maintain the segment’s surface temperature at a pre-determined level under the prevailing conditions. The immersion insulation values obtained using the prototype Thermal Foot Manikin were compared with: a) measurements of thermal insulation based on the temperature difference between the segment’s surface and water, and the heat flux, and b) measurements of thermal insulation based on the same prinicple as in (b), but with a human subject. The obtained values of thermal insulation were similar at all sites when determined with the Thermal Foot Manikin. Some regional differences were observed between the results obtained with a human foot and the manikin. These discrepancies were attributed to differences in the goodness-of-fit of the test boot.