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The paper gives a historical review of
 the discovery and further studies of Helicobacter pylori. This bacteria causes chronic antral
gastritis, as well as duodenal and gastric ulcer 
disease found in up to 90 and 70 percent of
 infected patients, respectively. The author presents the clinical picture and diagnosis of ulcer
 disease in childhood, and outlines new approaches to ulcer therapy in children, which will 
probably prevent recurrent ulcers and intestinal 
cancer in adults.