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We present a patient suffering from focal epilepsy manifested by frequent epileptic 
attacks resistant to anticonvulsant drugs since early childhood. Because of unsuccessful drug 
treatment, high seizure frequency and positive indications for surgery, the patient was submitted
 to a neurosurgical intervention, which improved control of seizures. Candidates for surgery are
 patients with convulsive manifestations originating in a localised area of … Preberite več >>

Differential diagnosis of asthma in infants and toddlers is not easy to establish. The paper
 presents a girl with asthma who aspirated a foreign body, which was misinterpreted as deterioration
 of asthma.… Preberite več >>

The paper gives a historical review of
 the discovery and further studies of Helicobacter pylori. This bacteria causes chronic antral
gastritis, as well as duodenal and gastric ulcer 
disease found in up to 90 and 70 percent of
 infected patients, respectively. The author presents the clinical picture and diagnosis of ulcer
 disease in childhood, and outlines new approaches to ulcer … Preberite več >>

The development of echocardiography and Doppler-echocardiography has provided a major advance in the noninvasive assessment of tricuspid valve disease. Echocardiography is the most sensitive and specific 
method for evaluation of tricuspid valve stenosis 
and regurgitation. This article reviews echocardiography data of a normal tricuspid valve
 and the most prominent echocardiographic characteristics of tricuspid valve stenosis and regurgitation.… Preberite več >>

Painful heel in younger patients, especially sportsmen, is commonly due to local reasons. A good knowledge of regional anatomy and
biomechanics of the foot and ankle is a prerequisite for correct diagnosis. The author deals in 
detail with the reasons of pain in the heel, and
 outlines the diagnosis and treatment. The therapy 
is basically conservative, except in rare cases, … Preberite več >>

The authors describe various anatomic and physiological changes occurring during 
pregnancy, which should be considered when
making diagnosis and planning proper treatment of acute abdomen in pregnant women. After surveying acute gynecological diseases in 
pregnancy, the authors discuss extraperitoneal 
and pseudoperitoneal reasons for acute abdomen, and present real surgical disorders in
 pregnancy. They outline the incidence, symptoms and diagnosis of … Preberite več >>

Asthma is the commonest chronic
 illness and one of the most dangerous diseases 
in childhood. Paradoxically, it is often recognized late, and the treatment is frequently incorrect or inadequate. The author deals with the 
causes and consequences of incorrect diagnostic approach to the asthmatic child. Some 
guidelines are presented for recognition of asthmatic illness and for differentiation of asthma 
from … Preberite več >>

By using the voltage-clamp method we 
can record the end-plate current which reflects
 changes in the conductance of the subsynaptic
membrane during neuromuscular transmission. The classic (plain) voltage-clamp method shows 
some inherent deficiencies, which in some experimental conditions interfere with, or even 
prevent recording of the end-plate current. Therefore, the method was improved by attaching
 a “current pump” to the … Preberite več >>

The paper presents the voltage-clamp
 method used for measuring electrical current
 passing the cell membrane and for calculating 
its conductance. The basic principles of this 
technique are described, as well as the apparatus used for the measurements in giant axon 
of the squid and the end plate region of the 
muscle fibre. A diagram presenting a negative
 feed-back is included … Preberite več >>

Isolated perfused Langendorff rat 
hearts were used for comparing effects of the
 calcium antagonist verapamil on the following 
two models of heart injury: local ischemia (ligature of the anterior interventricular artery) and
 general hypoxia (perfusate saturated with nitrogen). The degree and extent of injury were
 assessed by measuring the activity of lactate 
dehydrogenase in venous effluents from the 
heart, contractility, … Preberite več >>

We studied 30 patients with stroke within the first 21 days of the onset of the symptoms by determining their plasma adrenaline and noradrenalin levels, their neurological status and the correlation between them. The neurological status was found to improve gradually, mean plasma noradrenaline levels exceeded normal values throughout the study, while mean adrenaline concentrations remained within the range of … Preberite več >>