The dose of hormones in nwe low-dose hormonal contraceptive pills is ten times lower than in the first contraceptives used in early sixties. Adverse side-effects which for the most part…

Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer in women worldwide. It evolves through several stages of precancerous lesions and can therefore be prevented by means of organi­zed screening program.…

Cervical cancer evolves through several stages of precancerous lesions and can therefore be prevented by means of organized screening program and effective treatment of precance­rous lesions. Persistent infection with high-risk…

The following article describes the relationship between the endometrium, mother’s vascu­lar system and the invasive trophoblast. This relationship is crucial for the adaptation of the uterus and the placenta during…

Endometriosis is a complex estrogen-dependent disease that is defined as the presence of endometrial glands and stroma outside the uterine cavity. The etiology of endometriosis is multifactorial and includes complex…

The placenta is crucial for fetal survival, growth and development. After the baby has been born the role of the placenta is finished, however, it is essential that delivering physician…

Bacterial vaginosis is characterized by the presence of large amounts of anaerobic bac­teria, Gardnerella vaginalis and Mycoplasma hominis in the vagina, where they replace the nor­mally present lactobacilli. The condition…

Fertilization is the process of paternal and maternal chromosomes uniting in the activated oocyte. The most frequent reason for fertilization failure is sperm incapacity to penetrate into the oocyte. In…

More than 50 years have passed from the developmental phase of ovulation induction. During this period, new medications have been introduced and new protocols and dosages have been established, but…

In the past ten years, development of ultrasound diagnostic technology has been very fast, especially in the field of three- and four-dimensional ultrasound. The purpose of this arti­cle is to…

Preterm delivery is still one of the main causes contributing a great deal to the perina­tal morbidity and mortality. Preterm birth of the child can be postponed, or at least…

Patients with ovarian cancer are trea­ted individually. The basic method of treatment is the operation, precisely revealing the spread of disease and removing as much of the tumor as possible.…

Detecting early stages of ovarian cancer is a difficult task because of the absence of characteristic signs in this phase of the dis­ease. The tumor is most frequently found on…

Down syndrome is the most common individual cause of mental retardation in children. Prenatal screening for Down syndrome, based on the maternal age, has been practised in Slovenia since 1981.…

Septate uterus is one of the cogeni­tal abnormalities that causes the most problems. It is frequently the cause of spontaneous abor­tion, preterm labour, malpresentation or intrauter­ine growth retardation. Recently, hysteroscop­ic…

Data from 282 patients who were first treated for epithelial ovarian malignoma at the Institute of Oncology and Gynecological clinic in Ljubljana between 1990 and 1992 were analysed retrospectively. The…

A zoonosis called toxoplasmosis, which is caused by the protozoon Toxoplasma gondii, occurs worldwide. The prevalence of Toxoplasma infection varies in different populations, proba­bly due to differences in exposure to…

Preterm delivery is associated with neonatal mortality, severe neonatal morbidity with long-term consequences, and disturbances in neurologic development. However, when prevention of preterm delivery is impossible, preventative administration of corticosteroids…

Urinary incontinence is a highly prevalent condition that can represent a significant emotional, social and psychological burden for the affected woman. It is one of the most common health problems…

The article provides basic information about the incidence and etiopathogenesis
 of endometriosis, and describes its mycroscopic and macroscopic appearance. Clinical 
picture and the available treatment modalities 
are presented. The authors…

In late pregnancy and during delivery, blood fibrinolytic activity significantly changes. Those changes may be caused by changed levels of oxytocin and prolactin during 
and after delivery. Changes in oxytocin…

There were some studies reporting an increasing incidence of testicular cancer and geni­tourinary abnormalities such as cryptorchidism and hypospadias whereas human sperm quality is declining. Over the last decades, there…

The authors describe various anatomic and physiological changes occurring during 
pregnancy, which should be considered when
making diagnosis and planning proper treatment of acute abdomen in pregnant women. After surveying acute…

In ovarian cancer the recognition of the prognostic factors allows an accurate planning of treatment, monitoring of patients and evaluation of the course of disease. Some factors depend only on the characteristics of the…