The electroretinogram demonstrates a flash-evoked potentials of the retina recorded by surface electrodes. Electroretinography is a noninvasive and objective, yet nonstandardised examination technique, which has been in clinical use for…

Clinical diagnosis of early gastric cancer was established in 51 of 262 patients with gastric cancer. The aim of the study was to determine the accuracy of clinical diagnosis, and…

Dialysis-associated steal syndrome occuring after creation of arteriovenous fistula for hemodialysis is an uncommon but disturbing and often debilitating complication of upper extremity arteriovenous fistulas. It is decidedly rare with…

The article deals with data collecting and medical record keeping. Features of problem oriented medical record keeping are described. Minimal data base set for primary care is agreed. The data…

This article presents anatomical, clinical and coronary angiographical characteristics of myocardial bridging. The mechanisms of myocardial ischemia, as well as complications of myocardial bridging and guidelines for therapy are discussed…

Life-threatening infections rarely occur in children, but when they do they require immediate diagnosis and therapy. The principal aetiologic agents are bacteria and viruses, other microorganisms being less common. The…

The paper describes new views on hepatitis A, a new classification of hepatitis A virus, its epidemiology, clinical picture, treatment and prevention, passive immunization and recently introduced active immunization with…

The author presents some recent views on the disorders due to psychoactive substances use and groups them according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Classification. He explains…

The paper deals with the right heart, an issue rarely discussed in the cardiologic literature. Despite the avaible imaging techniques, evaluation of the right heart and the right ventricle in…

Lipoprotein(a) is an independent risk factor for atherosclerotic disease. Because of its structural similarity to plasminogen, lipoprotein(a) in high concentrations may inhibit fibrinolysis, thus promoting the development of atherosclerosis. Since…

The paper reviews the most common
 sexually transmitted infections, and stresses some problems generally connected with these disorders. They represent an important medical issue worldwide. Neisseria gonorrhoeae and
 Treponema pallidum,…

The article provides basic information about the incidence and etiopathogenesis
 of endometriosis, and describes its mycroscopic and macroscopic appearance. Clinical 
picture and the available treatment modalities 
are presented. The authors…

The third phase of the peritoneal cavity development with fusions of peritoneal 
layers is described. The fixation and relations among abdominal organs are presented and compared with the first two…

Influence of lithium on peripheral nervous function was evaluated by measuring 
of electrophysiological parameters in two 
groups of psychiatric patients (20 lithium treated
 and 20 affective-psychotic patients without the
 lithium…

In late pregnancy and during delivery, blood fibrinolytic activity significantly changes. Those changes may be caused by changed levels of oxytocin and prolactin during 
and after delivery. Changes in oxytocin…

Finger nailfold skin blood flow was monitored by laser-Doppler flowmeter in 18
 healthy volunteers after the occlusion of digital
arteries. The primary aim of the study was to characterize the microcirculatory…

The authors discuss the fundamentals of the pathological and pathophysiological processes 41 in coronary arteries that lead to acute coronary syndrome.

Acids are donors, while bases are acceptors of protons in solutions. Many various acids and bases are incorporated into organisms by everyday alimentation and cell metabolism, whi­le the output routes…

A mathematical model can be used to evaluate the biomechanical status of the hip after sur­gical intervention. By using such a model, it is possible to evaluate changes in the…

Reliable diagnosis of prion diseases is based on a positive immunohistochemical reaction (IHR) using antibodies against prion protein (PrP). Unfortunately, this does not distinguish between cellular PrP (PrPC) and the…

Analysis of synovial fluid is of extreme importance for diagnosis and treatment 
of joint diseases. It is divided into general and 
special analysis. Analyses regarding colour, quantity, viscosity, transparency and…

Gallbladder perforation can appear as an acute perforation followed by biliary peritonitis, as subacute perforation with the formation of a pericholecystic abscess, or as a chronic con­dition leading to cholecysto-enteric…

The paper deals with vomiting and 
regurgitation in systematic and didactic way. In 
several section of the paper the following aspects of the disease are discussed: pathophysiology, causes and purposes…

By means of the matched pair method the difference in the frequency of the risk
 factor between a group of 46 patients with 
peripheral arterial occlusive disease and a group…