During physical exercise, the production of heat in the working skeletal muscles increases tremendously, inducing an increase in core temperature, which can increase for up to two degrees or more.…

The energy consumption of the human body increases during physical exercise, especially in the active muscle cells. The synthesis of ATP, the unique direct energy source in skeletal muscles, depends…

Priapism is the condition of an unwanted erection that persists for more than four hours. There are three different types of priapism: ischemic (low-flow), nonischemic (high-flow) and intermittent (stuttering) priapism.…

Crohn’s disease is a chronic disease of unknown etiology. Together with ulcerative colitis and intermediate colitis, it forms the classification group of inflammatory bowel diseases. It is most prevalent in…

Compartment syndrome is a condition in which increased pressure within the confined space of a compartment impairs blood flow and causes organ or tissue dysfunction. Compartment syndrome can be primary…

Various observational studies implicated the potential role of vitamin D in maternal, fetal, neonatal and infant health. Vitamin D deficiency could influence the development of gestational diabetes, pre-eclampsia, fetal growth…

Conus medullaris syndrome and cauda equina syndrome are relatively rare, yet serious health conditions. They are caused by compression of neural structures in the lumbar spinal canal. They are most…

Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia is common in immunocompromised patients. It has significant mortality, which is why it is important to consider an infection with P. jirovecii in these patients and use…

The causes of ischemic stroke in young people are numerous and diverse. Younger patients require a much more in-depth and comprehensive diagnostic evaluation compared with the older ones. It is…

Chronic total occlusion is the complete obstruction of the coronary artery, which lasts for at least 3 months. The loss of blood supply, which is partly reduced by collateral circulation,…

Meckel's diverticulum is the most common anomaly of the small intestine. It is present in almost 2% of the population; its most common location is in the terminal part of…

Temporal bone contains several cavities: the external auditory meatus, the middle ear, the inner ear and internal auditory meatus. Modern imaging technology enables scanning of the temporal bone and its…

Malignant melanoma is an unpredictable, aggressive disease with the fastest growing incidence among all cancers. Its high metastatic potential and tendency to relapse are poorly prevented by existing systemic therapy.…

The basal ganglia are a cortico-subcortical neural network in the midbrain and the forebrain. The main components are the nuclei associated with the striatum, globus pallidus, substantia nigra and the…

Membrane potential depends on the concentration gradient of ions across the membrane and on the membrane permeability for these ions. The resting membrane potential of most cells has a negative…

The first part of this article considers the Nernst potential of a particular species of ions as the difference in electrical potential between two regions that exactly balances the difference…

Necrotizing soft tissue infections represent a surgical emergency and require immediate clinical attention. Most cases of necrotizing soft tissue infections are the result of damaged host defences, be it anatomical…

Central arterial pressure, central pulse pressure, arterial stiffness reflected by pulse wave velocity, and other parameters of central hemodynamics provide a new insight into cardiovascular pathophysiology associated with ageing, hypertension,…

BACKGROUNDS. Laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair is still rarely used in Slovenia. In the European Hernia Society guidelines, the use of the laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal technique is recommended for the active…

Sézary Syndrome is a rare leukemic cutaneous T-cell lymphoma with unknown etiology and an aggressive clinical course. It is characterized by erythroderma, generalized lymphadenopathy and neoplastic CD4+ memory T cells…

Radiological imaging methods are an important part of the diagnostic process for patients presenting with a disease of the paranasal sinuses. They allow a non-invasive approach to identifying congenital lesions,…

Echinococcosis is a zoonosis caused by a tapeworm of the genus Echinococcus. Present worldwide, it is considered to be a re-emerging infectious disease because of a steep rise in incidence…

The article reviews dementia in adults with intellectual disability, focusing on adults with Down syndrome. Diagnostic possibilities, prevalence, risk factors, and treatment options are discussed. In addition, behavioural and psychological…