Nephrotic syndrome is among the most common kidney diseases in children and it occurs as a result of damage to the glomerular filtration barrier. It is characterized by edema, nephrot­ic…

Traumatic pneumomediastinum is usually caused by severe thoracic injury, resulting in blunt or penetrating neck, chest or abdominal trauma. Subcutaneous emphysema of the neck and pneumomediastinum following facial trauma in…

Autophagy is a catabolic process of the degradation of cellular components by lysosomal enzymes. It is essential for cellular homeostasis by maintaining the balance between the syn­thesis, degradation and turnover…

The spread of metastases from a primary site through blood or the lymphatic system, which results in the establishment of secondary tumors in distant locations, is the main cause of…

Tight junctions comprise a crucial part of epithelial barriers by forming a molecular pore like structure that encircles the apex of individual cells. They control the passage of small molecules…

Almost half of the musicians are confronted with playing-related health problems. The char­acteristics of an individual performer and the type of musical instrument played determine the musician's health problems. These…

Bioterrorism is an attack on the health of the general population through an artificially induced epidemic of bacterial infectious diseases such as anthrax, plague, cholera, tularemia, brucellosis or botulism, and…

The cytopathologic examination of urine and bladder washings is a simple method for the detection of primary bladder cancer in symptomatic patients or in patients with hematuria. This method is…

Development of the new antiasthmatic drugs is directed above all in the synthesis of theinhibitors of the proinflammatory cytokines and IgE antibodies. Several biologic drugs are tested for this purpose;…

BACKGROUND. Infant tactile stimulation reduces distress behaviours, improves pulmonary function, weight gain per day, bone mineralization, developmentally appropriate functioning, enhances sleep organization and early attachment between infant and parents. We…